【导游】这是说明文。 谈到了大人在一生中选择本质上相同的东西时会产生无意识的喜好，科学家对“婴儿在选择过程中是否基于自己的喜好”进行了研究。

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thoughresearchershavelongknownthatadultsbuildunconscious (无意识) ) ) ) ) ) ) thoughresearchershavelongknownthatadultsbunconscious ) ) eessentiallythesame，thenewfindingthatevenbabiesengageinthisphenomenondemonstratesthatthiswayofjustifyingchoiceisintuive ( )

“theactofmakingachoicechangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions，”said Alex Silver，ajohnshopkinsresearcher .“eveninfantswhoarerererealllllerealestiched

thefindingsarepublishedtodayinthejournalpsychologicalscience.peopleassumetheychoosethingsthattheylike.butresearchsuggestststststttstte sugeststhests metimesbackwards:welikethingsbecausewechoosethem.and、 wedislikethingsthatwedon’t choose .“adultsmaketheseinferencesunces”“said co-author Lisa Fei genson，ajohnshopkinsscienscientiscientististison

thismakessenseforadultsinaconsumerculturewhomustmakerandomchoiceseveryday、 betweeneverythingfromtoothpastebrandstostylesofjeans.thequestionwaswhenexactlypeoplestartdoingthis.sotheyturnedtobabies as Feigenson puts it，are“aperfectwindowintotheoriginofthistendency .”

theteambrought 10-to20-month-oldbabiesintothelabandgavethemachoiceofobjectstoplaywith； twoequallybrightandcolorfulsoftblocks.theysetthemfarapart，sothebabieshadtocrawltooneortheother—arandomchoice.aftertthebertttthettttthed theresearcherstookitawayandcamebackwithanewoption.thebabiescouldthenpickfromthetoytheydidn’tplaywithefirsttime，orabrabranbranestion

ocontinuestudyingtheevolutionofchoiceinbabies，thelabwillnextlookattheideaof " choice overload." for adults，choice is good， but too many choices can be a problem，sothelabwilltrytodetermineifthatisalsotrueforbabies。

12.what is people’sassumptionabouttheactofmakingchoices

A. They like what they choose .

B. They choose what they like。

C. They base choices on the fact。

D. They make choices thoughtfully。

13.whywerebabiesselectedassubjectsforthestudy

A. To help them make better choices .

b.toguidethemtoperceivetheworld .

c.totracktherootofmakingrandomchoices .

d.todeepentheunderstandingofaconsumerculture。

14.whatdoesthestudyonthebabiesshow

A. They like novel objects .

b.theirchoicesaremostlybasedoncolors。

c.theirrandomchoicesbecomepreferences .

d.theyareunabletomakechoicesforthemselves。

15.whatwillthefollowingstudyfocuson

A. The law of “choice overload”。

b.theproblemofadults’many choices。

c.whytoomanychoicescaninfluenceadults .

d.whetherbabiesaretroubledwithmanychoices。